skinnydipper
Well-Known Member
- Dogs whose training involved punishment and compulsion show more tension related behaviors and higher levels of the stress hormone cortisol.
- When tested a month after force-based training, dogs still show a more negative, pessimistic, emotional response toward learning new tasks.
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Does It Matter Whether Dog Training Is Positive or Aversive?
Specific dog training methods have long-term and short-term emotional effects.