Paddock solution for laminitic/insulin resistant native

clockwork.satan

clockwork.satan

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Hi all,

I don't post here very often, but have had a look around for posts from owners that might be in a similar solution to me and can't seem to find anything... So here goes. I've got a 15.1hh 6 year old barefoot Highland Pony gelding who suffered a major laminitis attack at the end of last year, which luckily didn't result in any pedal bone rotation or damage. My partner & I had him on an ex-dairy farmer's land at the time and have since moved him to a much more suitable private yard for native ponies and thought that we'd cracked the art of managing him well by monitoring his feet for any heat/pulses and rigorously controlling his diet. However, just over a week ago he was feeling his feet in his field so we thought we'd get the vet out to get him looked at - and it turns out that he is once again suffering from laminitis, probably due to the sugary spring grass coming through, which has left us totally devastated and means that he's now on box rest for possibly a few weeks. There's a small mercy in the fact that it appears to be a very mild attack, but laminitis is laminitis and we need to absolutely ensure that he never gets it again.

We've not had Einar (that's his name) tested for EMS/insulin resistance yet and will get him tested once he's been given the all-clear. He doesn't get fat pads and the cresty neck that EMS horses get, so we suspect that he's insulin resistant and it will be interesting to find out if that's the case or not.

Do any of you have insulin resistant/laminitis-prone horses - and if so, how do you deal with it? Einar's currently not in work yet as EVERY time we get him to the point of doing any work, he suffers a setback (a tendon injury, umpteen colics, a pulled sternum and now a double-whammy of laminitis) so we're nearing the end of our wits as we know that, much like diabetic humans, the best solution is exercise but we just can['t seem to get him to that point.

I'm beginning to think that the only solution we've got left is to get him completely away from grass throughout spring, summer and autumn. Thankfully, our yard owner is very open to suggestions and I've been looking into making him a grass-free summer turnout area into which we can give him ad-lib hay. The question is, what sort of surface would be the best for him? I've read a few things about 10-20mm pea gravel being good for barefoot horses but have been pricing it up and it's seriously expensive to make a 40x40ft paddock with 6" deep gravel - are there any good alternatives?

Thanks in advance of any suggestions!
 
Hello,

I'll be following this with interest, but just wanted to say, have you thought about getting a track system seeing as you have a sympathetic livery owner? People who have them say they work wonders for fatties, and you can vary the types of surface so as to also stimulate the hooves. I wish I could have one, but I'm at livery where it's not possible. I found Jaime Jackson's book Paddock Paradise extremely helpful in thinking about hooves/barefoot/fitness/fatness/insulin resistance etc.

Even if this doesn't work for you, I'd recommend posting the same Q you've asked above on the Horse Track System fb page, as many people have had the same dilemma over types of surface - e.g. there are people who can give you their experiences of using astroturf, old carpet, wood chips, etc etc.

Good luck and please do post how you get on, I've got a 'risk factor' welshie so would love to hear your experiences.

Thank you!
 
The first thing I would say is visit The Laminitis Site - Andrea who runs it is very knowledgeable. The next is have you tested for PPID or IR/EMS? There are figures showing that 90% of laminitis is die to metabolic issues, the rest are due to medication/stress/retained placenta after foaling etc. And then, yes, if you can, set up a track. Mine has a narrow track around his 3/4 acre paddock, it is less about restricting grass intake and more about keeping him moving - his water at one side, hay at the other and mates running around either side. No particular surface except the bare earth when he has eaten off what little grass there is. With electric fencing mine is movable and temporary for the summer months, if you have separate paddocks anyway I can't see it being a problem for your YO.
 
Please don't put him somewhere without grass its a horse natural need some grass..track system with barest of grass and the vet should also be advising you more with regards to this-good luck
 
I guess the other caveat i never delved into is that Einar is VERY prone to colic too, so grass isn't just a double-edged blade for him, it's a multi-bladed monstrosity. He's such a worry. 🙁
 
Morgan123 said:
Hello,

I'll be following this with interest, but just wanted to say, have you thought about getting a track system seeing as you have a sympathetic livery owner? People who have them say they work wonders for fatties, and you can vary the types of surface so as to also stimulate the hooves. I wish I could have one, but I'm at livery where it's not possible. I found Jaime Jackson's book Paddock Paradise extremely helpful in thinking about hooves/barefoot/fitness/fatness/insulin resistance etc.

Even if this doesn't work for you, I'd recommend posting the same Q you've asked above on the Horse Track System fb page, as many people have had the same dilemma over types of surface - e.g. there are people who can give you their experiences of using astroturf, old carpet, wood chips, etc etc.

Good luck and please do post how you get on, I've got a 'risk factor' welshie so would love to hear your experiences.

Thank you!
Click to expand...

We'd absolutely love a track system, but it's probably too big an ask - it would probably be a different case if we had our own land and the money to do it, but alas... My other half has got that Jaime Jackson book on her wishlist, so we might need to fast-track that purchase if it could potentially be useful.

Ta for the suggestions of posting this on the Horse Track System Facebook page - I'll get right on it! I feel like we need all the help we can get right now, so it's really appreciated.

We've got the vet coming out again on Thursday, so we'll be on tenderhooks until he's given us his verdict. :(
 
JillA said:
The first thing I would say is visit The Laminitis Site - Andrea who runs it is very knowledgeable. The next is have you tested for PPID or IR/EMS? There are figures showing that 90% of laminitis is die to metabolic issues, the rest are due to medication/stress/retained placenta after foaling etc. And then, yes, if you can, set up a track. Mine has a narrow track around his 3/4 acre paddock, it is less about restricting grass intake and more about keeping him moving - his water at one side, hay at the other and mates running around either side. No particular surface except the bare earth when he has eaten off what little grass there is. With electric fencing mine is movable and temporary for the summer months, if you have separate paddocks anyway I can't see it being a problem for your YO.
Click to expand...

Jo (my other half) has already been in touch with Andrea and received an absolute tonne of useful information from her, so that's very good advice indeed. As I said in my post, we're going to be getting him tested for EMS/IR as soon as possible - but we've already been told that we can rule out PPID as Einar is too young. Again, Track would be lovely but sadly I don't think it's an option so we're going to have to come up with something that gives track like benefits but in a more traditional paddock. We've got our thinking caps on!
 
You don't need to set up a 'proper' track for it to work. I used to fence a narrow track inside the perimeter fencing with electric fencing and gradually strip graze around it, you can make it smaller if the field perimeter is too large.

I think that there have been cases of young horses developing ppid, so it might still be worth testing for.
 
sunshine100* said:
Please don't put him somewhere without grass its a horse natural need some grass..track system with barest of grass and the vet should also be advising you more with regards to this-good luck
Click to expand...

I'm afraid that we might have no choice but to take him away from grass at the 'flush' times - or as long as it takes until we're happy that we've got a solution. The field that he was in when he got his current bout of Laminitis was unfortunately very bare (and partly the reason we're so upset that he got it) so it would definitely point to him having some sort of metabolic problem. We're going to have a million questions to ask the vet come Thursday.

touchstone said:
You don't need to set up a 'proper' track for it to work. I used to fence a narrow track inside the perimeter fencing with electric fencing and gradually strip graze around it, you can make it smaller if the field perimeter is too large.

I think that there have been cases of young horses developing ppid, so it might still be worth testing for.
Click to expand...

A track system would be great, as I've said above - but it's probably not feasible! There have been PPID cases in young horses, but again Einar isn't expressing any of the symptoms so I'm still erring on the side of him being insulin resistant.
 
I stable mine around our yard with haynets, concrete, gravel and the tiniest bit of grass (although he's trashed that now) there's no issue with them being without grass, as long as they have hay or other forage to nibble on. He spent 12 weeks living off grass full time during his rehab. He's in there in the daytime, and out on our field at night, so far its working. He doesn't have lami, but he's bf now and sensitive to grass so I need to keep an eye on him.

Bare fields can be worse than long grass as stressed grass is much higher in sugar.

Have you downloaded the Laminitis app? Its useful as a guide for the suagr risk in your grass on a daily basis - I find it helpful, and left my boy out last week on very low days when it was overcast and raining all day. today on a full sun day after frost, there's no question that he needs to be off the grass.
 
stencilface said:
I stable mine around our yard with haynets, concrete, gravel and the tiniest bit of grass (although he's trashed that now) there's no issue with them being without grass, as long as they have hay or other forage to nibble on. He spent 12 weeks living off grass full time during his rehab. He's in there in the daytime, and out on our field at night, so far its working. He doesn't have lami, but he's bf now and sensitive to grass so I need to keep an eye on him.

Bare fields can be worse than long grass as stressed grass is much higher in sugar.

Have you downloaded the Laminitis app? Its useful as a guide for the suagr risk in your grass on a daily basis - I find it helpful, and left my boy out last week on very low days when it was overcast and raining all day. today on a full sun day after frost, there's no question that he needs to be off the grass.
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Ta for your response - I'm really pleased to see that you're doing pretty much exactly what we've got in mind. Because of the lami we're just scared of the thought of him having any grass at all right now and I think that keeping him off grass for 12 months is a really good idea. I guess after that we can try gently introducing him back to grass during the winter months and see how he goes.

We do have the laminitis app and always keep an eye on it, but we were lulled into a false sense of security after moving to our new yard, thinking that the grass - because it's fairly scrubby and not lush - was safe for him. We won't make that mistake again!
 
I'm hoping after a yard revamp, and putting an arena in, we will construct an area of road scalpings specifically for horses to be off grass, it won't be huge (10 x 5m maybe bigger though) but it will stop me getting in bother each time he breaks something on the stable yard, like the hose pipe holder thingy, and fencing.
 
Short grass can be more stressed and higher in sugars so ideally a muzzle and out on the longer stalky older grass would be better...track systems are for those transitioning to barefoot from being shod (so unless I've read wrongly apologies)!
A muzzle worked for mine who has cushings (but not ems) when I though he wouldn't take to it, but he has! Soaked hay for when he is in the stable and review any feeds he is currently on..as previously said, the laminitis site is a wonder for recommended feeds, turnout etc so have a good look! And def get him tested! Good luck
 
stencilface said:
I'm hoping after a yard revamp, and putting an arena in, we will construct an area of road scalpings specifically for horses to be off grass, it won't be huge (10 x 5m maybe bigger though) but it will stop me getting in bother each time he breaks something on the stable yard, like the hose pipe holder thingy, and fencing.
Click to expand...

I've not marked & measured out the area for Einar's non-grazing field yet, but I think it's going to be in the region of around 10x10m - possibly a bit bigger, and enough for him to stretch his legs a bit but not to get himself into too much trouble. The calculations I've been looking at for gravel would mean I'd be looking at getting 32 tonnes of it to make the surface 5" deep. I've not really looked into using road scalpings - they certainly seem to be cheaper than gravel, but would they be any good for a barefoot horse?

Micky said:
Short grass can be more stressed and higher in sugars so ideally a muzzle and out on the longer stalky older grass would be better...track systems are for those transitioning to barefoot from being shod (so unless I've read wrongly apologies)!
A muzzle worked for mine who has cushings (but not ems) when I though he wouldn't take to it, but he has! Soaked hay for when he is in the stable and review any feeds he is currently on..as previously said, the laminitis site is a wonder for recommended feeds, turnout etc so have a good look! And def get him tested! Good luck
Click to expand...

We used to have Einar out in a muzzle when he was at the old yard with the lush grass, but the past couple of times we put it on him he had it off again within 15 minutes, so muzzling seems to have become out of the question now that he's figured out how to get them off, hence us coming to the decision of just getting him away from grass completely during spring/summer/autumn seasons.
 
He's been turned out on them in the past on our track, and he can just move as he wants on them. You could always cover it in scalpings to give the surface and do a couple of patches of gravel to make it nicer?
 
sunshine100* said:
Please don't put him somewhere without grass its a horse natural need some grass..track system with barest of grass and the vet should also be advising you more with regards to this-good luck
Click to expand...

No, it isn't. If needed soaked hay fed appropriately on a dry lot is a perfectly acceptable alternative to keep your horse sound and happy and in your situation OP I would be looking at this. Ffionwinnie on here keeps her cob like this as she has PSSM and cannot be out on grass.

Sorry to repeat OP but IME track is great (we had a grass track round the edge of a 3 acre field for two. current YO will let me do same again if I need to if I manage it (though I know how green and lawn like they like their fields to look so she might change her mind!) currently muzzle as an alternative. The advantage of both of these is that they tend to walk more.
Road scalpings are generally not as good as gravel, they are sharp and will tend to get into the white line a bit more. Worth asking on the barefoot for whole hoof health group on fb on that as a few have similar I think - ask Ffion what she has too - I'll send her to this thread ;). Gravel tends to be very good for them when they are sore because of its conformability.
Are you feeding any mag ox?
 
ester said:
Sorry to repeat OP but IME track is great (we had a grass track round the edge of a 3 acre field for two. current YO will let me do same again if I need to if I manage it (though I know how green and lawn like they like their fields to look so she might change her mind!) currently muzzle as an alternative. The advantage of both of these is that they tend to walk more.
Road scalpings are generally not as good as gravel, they are sharp and will tend to get into the white line a bit more. Worth asking on the barefoot for whole hoof health group on fb on that as a few have similar I think - ask Ffion what she has too - I'll send her to this thread ;). Gravel tends to be very good for them when they are sore because of its conformability.
Are you feeding any mag ox?
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I've not yet approached my YO about a track system, but she's lovely so might be open to us giving it a go and there's no harm in asking. I was previously looking at pea gravel as it's often said to be the best surface for barefoot horses as it's good at toughening their feet up. The only problem however is that it's not cheap.

We only just started on magnesium and are thinking of trying him out on golden paste (turmeric) as it's apparently got very good anti-inflammatory properties, which can only be a good thing and might calm the laminitis down more quickly. It's always worth a try, eh? :)
 
I get my magnesium from intralabs on ebay as the best value for money ;)
you can but ask, if they say no then so be it but at least you know then.
And yup gravel not cheap, we did gravel a part area on our track around the gateway which was partially successful but in our instance probably not really worth the money. He did spend a whole day stood on it once having spent the night charging round the track on hard ground and making his feet sore ;).
This is how it started anyway. A friend has a mud track round hers (one very sensitive to grass) and my trimmer has made hers all weather with stone last year.
522904_10151534413525438_1926973463_n.jpg

and the track - it started off just going down the short side of the field, took most of the summer to get all the way round!
179595_10151762033585438_386965529_n.jpg
 
You see, a track system with ours wouldn't work as I wouldn't trust them with the fence, plus if they were all on it bullying would be a problem, mainly mine getting bullied all the time! I think I'm going to settle for being in during the day, and out at night, and hope it work!
 
lol yup, ours have always been very good with electric, a definite hierarchy and we were careful to make big corners. We also banned the neighbour from tossing them bread and carrots as it generated arguments.
 
ester said:
I get my magnesium from intralabs on ebay as the best value for money ;)
you can but ask, if they say no then so be it but at least you know then.
And yup gravel not cheap, we did gravel a part area on our track around the gateway which was partially successful but in our instance probably not really worth the money. He did spend a whole day stood on it once having spent the night charging round the track on hard ground and making his feet sore ;).
This is how it started anyway. A friend has a mud track round hers (one very sensitive to grass) and my trimmer has made hers all weather with stone last year.
Click to expand...

I think that's who we got our off on Ebay too, as we're always on the hunt for the best price, haha! Once we come to a gravelly/non-grassy turnout area, we'll probably turn Einar out in boots to begin with as his soles were only just starting to thicken and harden up after the last laminitis attack and we can't have him ouch-ing his way across it as he's bound to have a good charge around on it when he gets his first taste of freedom after box rest.

The track system definitely looks like a good idea and I always get jealous when I see people that have got the 'paddock paradise' setup, with the different terrain types that can be greatly beneficial to barefoot horses. Maybe one day! I might approach the idea with the YO tonight if I see her. :)
 
sunshine100* said:
Please don't put him somewhere without grass its a horse natural need some grass..track system with barest of grass and the vet should also be advising you more with regards to this-good luck
Click to expand...

Actually that isn't true, a horse needs forage, but it doesn't need grass. My horse hasn't eaten grass for 14 months and this fact has not only saved her life its given her a completely full and normal life. Indeed I could argue it is much nicer than scratching around on your bare track system - nothing we do with horses is natural and a track system is no more natural than my set up.

Op I will post more later but due to a muscle myopathy my barefoot horse lives out 24/7 365 on a hardcore surfaced area on an ultra low sugar and starch diet and has a very full and happy life. She eats adlib hay and 2 kgs of alfalfa pellets and 2kgs of copra a day plus sups and you couldn't meet a happier or healthier horse than she.

I exercise her every single day for at least an hour of fast work (the more the better) and she is in eventing condition all year round on this regime.
 
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My cob has EMS and I knew he had it when I took him on a year ago. He was diagnosed I think 4 years ago and so his regime is well and truly established. From Nov to Mar he lives as a 'normal' horse, out on grass in the day and in the stable at night. The rest of the year he is confined to either the stable or grassless small (30' x 30') bare paddock, with field shelter. He has 1.75% of his body weight in hay during this time, Thunderbrook chaff and Basemix and milk thistle supplement, no other drugs etc. He is ideally exercised 6/7 days pw (slow and steady for an hour, inc schooling) but can actually remain healthy on a frequency of 4/5 days. He's shod all round.
When he was diagnosed he was incredibly obese and very ill indeed, having lost almost all liver function. He's never had laminitis and is now 15. He's very very fit and well.
He stresses a bit at the 'spring handover' but settles down pretty quickly. I think it's harder for me than him in many ways, especially now I've got the horses at home and I can see him, looking hungry! He's lovely and slim, yet muscular and not how we are used to seeing cobs look like.
But........it's a constant worry and my home set up is all arranged with him in mind. When we were at yards we were lucky enough to be able to have small bare paddocks - otherwise I couldn't have taken him on, and the pressure to keep up the exercise, to ensure he's stimulated and to help with weight control, is sometimes difficult.
Hope that helps!
 
Harriettie said:
My cob has EMS and I knew he had it when I took him on a year ago. He was diagnosed I think 4 years ago and so his regime is well and truly established. From Nov to Mar he lives as a 'normal' horse, out on grass in the day and in the stable at night. The rest of the year he is confined to either the stable or grassless small (30' x 30') bare paddock, with field shelter. He has 1.75% of his body weight in hay during this time, Thunderbrook chaff and Basemix and milk thistle supplement, no other drugs etc. He is ideally exercised 6/7 days pw (slow and steady for an hour, inc schooling) but can actually remain healthy on a frequency of 4/5 days. He's shod all round.
When he was diagnosed he was incredibly obese and very ill indeed, having lost almost all liver function. He's never had laminitis and is now 15. He's very very fit and well.
He stresses a bit at the 'spring handover' but settles down pretty quickly. I think it's harder for me than him in many ways, especially now I've got the horses at home and I can see him, looking hungry! He's lovely and slim, yet muscular and not how we are used to seeing cobs look like.
But........it's a constant worry and my home set up is all arranged with him in mind. When we were at yards we were lucky enough to be able to have small bare paddocks - otherwise I couldn't have taken him on, and the pressure to keep up the exercise, to ensure he's stimulated and to help with weight control, is sometimes difficult.
Hope that helps!
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Aah, you're lucky that you knew what you were taking on - we're finding out the hard way that our lad clearly has some sort of metabolic issue. Or... At least that's the way that things seem to be heading but we won't of course know for certain until he's been tested.

I think your regime sounds very like the one that we've got in mind. We've still yet to make him a grass-free area (I'm still pondering over the best/most cost-effective surface). We also tried him on the Thunderbrook herbal chaff the last time he had lami and he didn't seem to like it, but we're going to try it again as we need to get him away from all 'off-the-shelf' feeds as we've read stuff that pretty much says that nearly all of the chaffs are completely rubbish and are softened/cleaned using caustic soda - and could be full of pesticides and all sorts of nasty chemicals. We want to remove as many toxic substances from Einar's diet as possible.

Once Einar is over this bout of lami, the poor boy's not going to know what hit him as he's had a fairly relaxed life until now! We bought him and backed him, but every time we've tried getting him into work there's been a setback so we've never really been able to get as far as being rode for any length of time, which has been massively frustrating as the little glimpses we've seen of his potential have been really exciting. There's no choice now; he simply NEEDS the exercise.

My other half is worried that he might not cope with being on his own in a bare paddock - but I reckon that he'll be fine as long as he can see the rest of his herd. Does your horse cope ok with that?
 
For those of you who are interested, we had the vet out to see Einar again yesterday (our fantastic normal vet this time, who seen Einar through his previous case of laminitis) and after feeling for pulses, testing them with hoof testers and having a good ponder over his condition has concluded that he doesn't think that Einar has got laminitis - at which point my partner & I nearly jumped for joy! He's playing it very safe though so has said to keep him on box rest for another 7 days and has put him on Metformin and sedalin gel to ensure that any remaining inflammation is reduced as much as possible. He's not completely ruling out laminitis just yet so we're not going to rest on our laurels and get too far ahead of ourselves - but it's bolstered our spirits a bit as the thought of another long-haul of box rest had got us down in the dumps.

He thinks that the spring grass (cold/frost and then bright sunshine) is almost certainly one of the causes, but because the field was incredibly muddy at the time (and we get some partcularly claggy clay-like mud at the yard) he also reckons that the constant suck of the mud on his still-recovering-from-laminitis soles could've caused some pain and inflammation - which is something I've never heard of before, but it definitely sounds like a good theory.

I asked him whether we should get Einar tested for EMS/Insulin resistance, etc. or whether he thought it was a foregone conclusion and he said that he was very close to thinking that it was a foregone conclusion - but he's going to test him anyway as soon as he's over whatever-this-is, so at least we'll learn to what extent the boy is resistant.

We also asked him about our idea of making a pea gravel paddock for him, and he thinks that it's a great idea as it sounds like we're going to (as we thought) have to keep Einar completely away from grass at certain times of the year. Still, at least we've got a game plan now!
 
sunshine100* said:
Please don't put him somewhere without grass its a horse natural need some grass..track system with barest of grass and the vet should also be advising you more with regards to this-good luck
Click to expand...

Have you had to deal with a PPID or IR or EMS horse? Green grass as we know it is not always an option and certainly not necessary. In fact the habitat in which horses evolved has our kind of grass very rarely. They are not really evolved to cope with our damp climate which is probably a major factor in the number of cases.

Hay is of course dried grass and a perfectly acceptable alternative. I'm sure OP isn't talking about taking him off forage! Movement and turnout are important (once they are sound) but green grass is not.
 
clockwork.satan said:
Aah, you're lucky that you knew what you were taking on - we're finding out the hard way that our lad clearly has some sort of metabolic issue. Or... At least that's the way that things seem to be heading but we won't of course know for certain until he's been tested.

I think your regime sounds very like the one that we've got in mind. We've still yet to make him a grass-free area (I'm still pondering over the best/most cost-effective surface). We also tried him on the Thunderbrook herbal chaff the last time he had lami and he didn't seem to like it, but we're going to try it again as we need to get him away from all 'off-the-shelf' feeds as we've read stuff that pretty much says that nearly all of the chaffs are completely rubbish and are softened/cleaned using caustic soda - and could be full of pesticides and all sorts of nasty chemicals. We want to remove as many toxic substances from Einar's diet as possible.

Once Einar is over this bout of lami, the poor boy's not going to know what hit him as he's had a fairly relaxed life until now! We bought him and backed him, but every time we've tried getting him into work there's been a setback so we've never really been able to get as far as being rode for any length of time, which has been massively frustrating as the little glimpses we've seen of his potential have been really exciting. There's no choice now; he simply NEEDS the exercise.

My other half is worried that he might not cope with being on his own in a bare paddock - but I reckon that he'll be fine as long as he can see the rest of his herd. Does your horse cope ok with that?
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Sorry for not replying sooner - yes, he copes with being alone. He can see my other horse and the neighbour's horse and luckily he's always been pretty confident in his own company. Every time I feel rotten about his 'regime' I try to think to myself 'well, it's live like that or die' and it seems to work. Still miserable though about it all - that's me, he seems fine!
 
Harriettie said:
Sorry for not replying sooner - yes, he copes with being alone. He can see my other horse and the neighbour's horse and luckily he's always been pretty confident in his own company. Every time I feel rotten about his 'regime' I try to think to myself 'well, it's live like that or die' and it seems to work. Still miserable though about it all - that's me, he seems fine!
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Einar was on his own in a separate grazing pen before, in which he was pretty happy so he'll probably be fine. I suspect that, like you, we'll end up feeling a bit bad about sticking him out somewhere that there's no grass though - but as long as he's got forage I'm sure he'll be fine.
 
Echo Micky..... and also you may like to have a look at Sarah Braithwaite's website...'Forage Plus' too for any information you may be interested in when it comes to feeding the EMS/insulin resistant/colic prone equine!

I have an EMS horse and this lady well and truly put me on the right track! (excuse the pun!)... as far as my boy's feeding requirements for him at different times of the year was concerned.

Hope that helps you a little as i know you'll be bombarded with so much information at the moment, while you're worrying about your lad.

Best of Luck and hope your boy comes good soon enough..

Jx
 
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