ycbm
Overwhelmed
You don't need to experience something directly to instinctively recognise that it is likely to be harmful/stressful. But in the case of tie stalls, the research has been done and is quite conclusive. If hardly suprising.
Comparing tie stalls with less restrictive housing options (with 7 hours daily turn out), stall tied horses had the highest levels of stress hormone (cortisol) and the lowest levels of rest.
The study is far too small and pretty flawed, but I liked to agree with your first sentence.