amandap
Well-Known Member
Happyness or unhappyness are probably not the best words to use as we really can't know as you point out.- there is no evidence that working a horse in hyperflexion (or rollkur if you prefer) causes any kind of pain or sight problems, or breathing problems.
- by extension it is not clear to me why the horse would be unhappy as such.
I believe there is evidence that rollkur causes physical and mental distress. http://www.appliedanimalbehaviour.com/article/S0168-1591(08)00287-6/abstract
There are also studies using scopes which have shown a dynamic collapse of the trachea on inhalation when the neck is flexed severely. Although I am unsure how scientifically valid these may be and I believe others have been unable to reproduce this effect.
Totally unscientific there is also the 'vibe' many of us not conditioned or used to seeing horses worked this way get from observing the horse. Many of us see the distress/discomfort or a horse struggling and even objecting to the extreme abnormal posture in exertion. Could there be an element of those in these circles being desensitized to this and not able to be fully objective? Culture and what we see and experience every day are powerful forces in our personal normality and ethics. My personal view is there is always a case for external critique, yes much may not be valid but being in a closed, untouchable, niche world is a recipe for skewed norms.
I agree with fburton who puts things so much better than me.
Of course we cannot be 100% sure that what looks like suffering or unhappiness actually is (arguably even in fellow humans). Nevertheless, we base our moral standards on the assumption that we can tell, at least to first approximation, whether animals are feeling fear, pain, distress, discomfort etc. If we were to accept the argument that, just because we can't know what it is really like to be a bat that uncertainty allows all manner of mistreatment and cruelty, where would we be? Trying telling the RSPCA (for example) "Do you know what it is like to be a cat? No? So ****** off and leave me to carry on neglecting my house full of moggies" and see how far you get!